Air conditioning is a complex mechanical system that relies on a wide range of conditions to operate correctly. It is sized to meet a specific “load” in the house, and carries a specific charge of refrigerant, usually measured in tons (Btu/hr) or Btu/hr per unit of capacity (the more Btu/hr, the higher the capacity). The air conditioner needs to be properly installed, with a proper load calculation, to ensure it operates effectively. A sized AC that is not operated under these conditions will cycle on and off frequently, and may not keep your house comfortable.
The best way to ensure you have an appropriately sized air conditioning system is to use the services of a qualified professional. An experienced HVAC contractor can perform a comprehensive load calculation, using a recognized method such as AHRI’s Manual J, to determine the size of air conditioning system needed for your home.
A properly sized AC system is designed to deliver an adequate level of cooling throughout the house with the least energy use possible. Choosing an AC with an energy efficiency rating of 16 SEER or better will significantly reduce your heating and cooling bills over time. An air conditioner with a higher energy efficiency rating will also have a lower sound rating, making it quieter when running.
Besides cooling, air conditioning can also dehumidify rooms that contain heat-producing electronic equipment like computer servers or power amplifiers. It can also help with moisture control in areas that contain delicate products such as artwork or wood furniture. It can even humidify spaces in which plants are kept, to prevent drying out of the soil.
While air conditioning can help with humidity, it is important to note that it also sucks moisture from the air in order to cool it down, which can dry out your skin and make your eyes feel irritated or itchy. You can add moisture to your environment by regularly bathing and showering, and by keeping windows open to allow natural ventilation. Air conditioning can also exacerbate the symptoms of certain respiratory problems, such as irritated nasal passages or trouble breathing. This is why it’s wise to invest in an air filtration system, and to have your home’s ductwork insulated and sealed. This can save you money on your energy costs, while preventing indoor pollution and respiratory problems.